Every job, ranked
163 UK occupations, from the hardest to automate to the easiest. Tap any job to see why it scores the way it does.
Very safe (80–100)
AI won't replace this any time soon.
- 1FirefighterPublic services & security95Very safe
- 2PlumberTrades & construction94Very safe
- 3Tree surgeonLand, animals & outdoors93Very safe
- 4Maintenance operative / handypersonTrades & construction89Very safe
- 5ParamedicHealth & care89Very safe
- 6Pest control technicianPersonal services89Very safe
- 7RooferTrades & construction89Very safe
- 8ScaffolderTrades & construction89Very safe
- 9VetHealth & care89Very safe
- 10Care workerHealth & care88Very safe
- 11Healthcare assistantHealth & care88Very safe
- 12MidwifeHealth & care88Very safe
- 13Hairdresser / barberPersonal services87Very safe
- 14PhysiotherapistHealth & care87Very safe
- 15ElectricianTrades & construction86Very safe
- 16Gas engineerTrades & construction86Very safe
- 17Nursery practitionerEducation & childcare86Very safe
- 18Armed forcesPublic services & security85Very safe
- 19Kitchen & bathroom fitterTrades & construction85Very safe
- 20Mechanical fitterEngineering & manufacturing85Very safe
- 21Beauty therapistPersonal services84Very safe
- 22Driving instructorEducation & childcare84Very safe
- 23Gardener / landscaperLand, animals & outdoors84Very safe
- 24NurseHealth & care84Very safe
- 25PlastererTrades & construction84Very safe
- 26DentistHealth & care83Very safe
- 27Prison officerPublic services & security83Very safe
- 28Veterinary nurseHealth & care83Very safe
- 29Cabin crewTransport & logistics81Very safe
- 30Counsellor / therapistHealth & care81Very safe
- 31Farm workerLand, animals & outdoors81Very safe
- 32Field service engineerTrades & construction81Very safe
- 33Floor layerTrades & construction81Very safe
- 34Funeral director / arrangerPersonal services81Very safe
- 35Glazier / window fitterTrades & construction81Very safe
- 36LocksmithTrades & construction81Very safe
- 37Occupational therapistHealth & care81Very safe
- 38Painter & decoratorTrades & construction81Very safe
- 39Police officerPublic services & security81Very safe
- 40TilerTrades & construction81Very safe
- 41Vehicle mechanic / technicianTrades & construction81Very safe
- 42Carpenter / joinerTrades & construction80Very safe
- 43HVAC & heat pump engineerTrades & construction80Very safe
- 44Maintenance engineerTrades & construction80Very safe
- 45Performer (actor, musician, dancer)Marketing, media & creative80Very safe
- 46Personal trainer / fitness instructorPersonal services80Very safe
Fairly safe (60–79)
AI will help with parts of the job, but it needs a human.
- 47BricklayerTrades & construction79Fairly safe
- 48GroundworkerTrades & construction79Fairly safe
- 49Site managerTrades & construction79Fairly safe
- 50Construction labourerTrades & construction78Fairly safe
- 51Dog groomer / animal carePersonal services78Fairly safe
- 52Speech & language therapistHealth & care78Fairly safe
- 53Teaching assistantEducation & childcare78Fairly safe
- 54Chef / cookHospitality & food77Fairly safe
- 55Solar & EV charger installerTrades & construction77Fairly safe
- 56DoctorHealth & care75Fairly safe
- 57Restaurant / pub / hotel managerHospitality & food75Fairly safe
- 58Telecoms & fibre engineerTrades & construction75Fairly safe
- 59Vehicle body repairer / sprayerTrades & construction75Fairly safe
- 60Welder / fabricatorTrades & construction75Fairly safe
- 61Dental nurse / hygienistHealth & care74Fairly safe
- 62Inspector / enforcement officerPublic services & security74Fairly safe
- 63TeacherEducation & childcare74Fairly safe
- 64BartenderHospitality & food73Fairly safe
- 65Field sales repRetail, sales & customer service73Fairly safe
- 66Social workerHealth & care73Fairly safe
- 67Butcher / fishmongerHospitality & food72Fairly safe
- 68Waiter / waitressHospitality & food72Fairly safe
- 69CleanerPersonal services71Fairly safe
- 70Delivery / van driverTransport & logistics71Fairly safe
- 71Housekeeper / room attendantHospitality & food71Fairly safe
- 72InterpreterMarketing, media & creative71Fairly safe
- 73Refuse / recycling operativeLand, animals & outdoors71Fairly safe
- 74Store managerRetail, sales & customer service71Fairly safe
- 75Care home managerHealth & care70Fairly safe
- 76Events managerMarketing, media & creative68Fairly safe
- 77Photographer / videographerMarketing, media & creative68Fairly safe
- 78Estate / lettings agentRetail, sales & customer service67Fairly safe
- 79Optometrist / opticianHealth & care67Fairly safe
- 80BaristaHospitality & food66Fairly safe
- 81Ecologist / rangerLand, animals & outdoors66Fairly safe
- 82SurveyorTrades & construction66Fairly safe
- 83Financial / mortgage adviserFinance & legal65Fairly safe
- 84HGV driverTransport & logistics65Fairly safe
- 85Operations managerOffice, HR & admin65Fairly safe
- 86Bus / coach driverTransport & logistics64Fairly safe
- 87Postal workerTransport & logistics64Fairly safe
- 88Security officerPublic services & security64Fairly safe
- 89PilotTransport & logistics63Fairly safe
- 90RadiographerHealth & care63Fairly safe
- 91Work coach / employment advisorPublic services & security62Fairly safe
- 92Kitchen porter / assistantHospitality & food61Fairly safe
- 93Lecturer / tutorEducation & childcare61Fairly safe
- 94PharmacistHealth & care61Fairly safe
Changing (40–59)
AI will reshape this job, and fewer people may be needed.
- 95Forklift driverTransport & logistics59Changing
- 96Product managerTech & data59Changing
- 97Civil / structural engineerTrades & construction58Changing
- 98Solicitor / lawyerFinance & legal58Changing
- 99Retail assistantRetail, sales & customer service57Changing
- 100Office / practice managerOffice, HR & admin56Changing
- 101Project managerOffice, HR & admin56Changing
- 102Trainer / assessorEducation & childcare56Changing
- 103ArchitectTrades & construction55Changing
- 104Lab scientist / technicianEngineering & manufacturing55Changing
- 105Librarian / library assistantPublic services & security55Changing
- 106Taxi / private hire driverTransport & logistics55Changing
- 107Town plannerPublic services & security55Changing
- 108BakerHospitality & food54Changing
- 109Account manager / sales executiveRetail, sales & customer service52Changing
- 110CNC machinist / setterEngineering & manufacturing51Changing
- 111Design engineer (mechanical / electrical)Engineering & manufacturing51Changing
- 112HR advisor / managerOffice, HR & admin51Changing
- 113Journalist / editorMarketing, media & creative50Changing
- 114Policy officer / advisorPublic services & security50Changing
- 115PR / communicationsMarketing, media & creative50Changing
- 116Hotel receptionistHospitality & food47Changing
- 117Recruitment consultantOffice, HR & admin47Changing
- 118Quality inspectorEngineering & manufacturing46Changing
- 119Quantity surveyor / estimatorTrades & construction46Changing
- 120IT support technicianTech & data45Changing
- 121Train / tram driverTransport & logistics45Changing
- 122Pharmacy assistant / dispenserHealth & care44Changing
- 123AccountantFinance & legal43Changing
- 124Business analystTech & data43Changing
- 125Production / factory operativeEngineering & manufacturing43Changing
- 126Stock / replenishment assistantRetail, sales & customer service43Changing
- 127Buyer / procurement officerOffice, HR & admin42Changing
- 128UX / UI designerTech & data41Changing
- 129Warehouse operativeTransport & logistics40Changing
At risk (20–39)
AI can already do much of this work.
- 130PA / executive assistantOffice, HR & admin38At risk
- 131ReceptionistOffice, HR & admin38At risk
- 132Bank / branch advisorRetail, sales & customer service37At risk
- 133Cyber security analystTech & data37At risk
- 134DevOps / cloud engineerTech & data37At risk
- 135Network / systems engineerTech & data36At risk
- 136Cashier / checkout operatorRetail, sales & customer service32At risk
- 137Compliance / AML analystFinance & legal32At risk
- 138Data scientist / ML engineerTech & data31At risk
- 139Software developerTech & data31At risk
- 140Underwriter / claims handlerFinance & legal31At risk
- 141Marketing executive / managerMarketing, media & creative30At risk
- 142Caseworker / benefits officerPublic services & security29At risk
- 143Financial analyst / actuaryFinance & legal29At risk
- 144Logistics / transport plannerTransport & logistics28At risk
- 145Social media managerMarketing, media & creative27At risk
- 146Medical secretary / administratorHealth & care23At risk
- 147Telesales / sales development repRetail, sales & customer service23At risk
- 148Payroll administratorOffice, HR & admin22At risk
- 149Data analystTech & data21At risk
- 150Paralegal / legal assistantFinance & legal20At risk
High risk (0–19)
Much of this work can already be automated.
- 151Bookkeeper / accounts assistantFinance & legal18High risk
- 152CAD technician / draughtspersonTrades & construction18High risk
- 153Copywriter / content writerMarketing, media & creative17High risk
- 154Graphic designerMarketing, media & creative17High risk
- 155Video editorMarketing, media & creative17High risk
- 156Market researcherMarketing, media & creative16High risk
- 157SEO / PPC specialistMarketing, media & creative16High risk
- 158AdministratorOffice, HR & admin15High risk
- 159Customer service / call centre advisorRetail, sales & customer service15High risk
- 160CCTV / control room operatorPublic services & security14High risk
- 161Software tester / QATech & data14High risk
- 162TranslatorMarketing, media & creative14High risk
- 163Data entry clerk / typistOffice, HR & admin5High risk